Monday, August 2, 2010

Echiomima


Echiomima Meyrick, 1915


Echiomima Meyrick, 1915. Exotic Microlepidoptera. 1 (10–15): 289–320, 321–352, 353–384, 385–416, 417–448, 449–480 [373]. Type species: Maroga mythica Meyrick, 1890 by original designation.
Echiomima Meyrick, 1915 [Cryptophasidae]. Fletcher, T. B., 1929, A list of generic names used for Microlepidoptera. Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture of India,  11: 1-244 [73].
Echiomima Meyrick. Common, 1990: Moths of Australia, Melbourne University Press. 227-230 [228].
Echiomima Meyrick, 1915. Common, in Nielsen, Edwards, & Rangsi, 1996, Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera, 4: i-xiv, 1-529 & CD-ROM [87].
Echiomima Meyrick, 1915. Beccaloni, G. W., Scoble, M. J., Robinson, G. S. & Pitkin, B. (Editors). 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex). World Wide Web electronic publication. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/lepindex [accessed 21 April 2010].
Echiomima Meyrick, 1915. Edwards, E. D. (2003), Xyloryctinae. Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/XYLORYCTINAE [accessed 16 June 2010].

Original description, Meyrick 1915
ECHIOMIMA, n.g.Head with appressed hairs; ocelli absent; tongue developed. Antennae ¾, in ♂ciliated, basal joint elongate, stout, without pecten. Labial palpi moderate, curved, ascending, second joint much thickened with dense scales, somewhat rough anteriorly, terminal joint 1/3 – ½ of second, moderate, pointed. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Abdomen laterally with rough projecting scales. Anterior tibiae and tarsi thickened with appressed or rather rough scales; tarsi hardly longer than tibiae; posterior tibiae clothed with dense rough hairs. Forewings more or less transversely corrugated, 1b furcate, 2 from near beyond middle, 3 from angle, 3-5 approximated, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from middle. Hindwings over 1, trapezoidal-ovate, cilia  1/6 – 1/8, 3 and 4 stalked, 5 parallel, 6 and 7 stalked.
Type mythica Meyr. I formerly included this in Maroga, but it is now evident that it is a good genus of peculiar (probably snakelike) facies, distinguished by costal termination of vein 7 of forewings (in Maroga apical); from Eschatura, which is also nearly allied, it differs by the short terminal joint of palpi.

Other references

Echiomima Meyrick contains three described species with fore wings of an unusual shape. (Common, 1990).

Description:
Head:
Thorax:
Abdomen:

Immature stages: An undescribed species is a pest of grapevines, Vitis sp. (Vitaceae), and pecans, Carya illinoensis (Juglandaceae). (Edwards, 2003).

Distribution: New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia. Papua New Guinea. (Edwards, 2003).

Remarks:
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Echiomima fabulosa Meyrick, 1915


Echiomima fabulosa, ♂, bred 21 September 1899, collected by F.P Dodd, Townsville. ANIC slide no 2008, dissected by E.D. Edwards 1985 (see ♂ genitalia, below).

Echiomima fabulosa ♀, ANIC

Echiomima fabulosa Meyrick, 1915. Exotic Microlepidoptera. 1 (10–15): 289–320, 321–352, 353–384, 385–416, 417–448, 449–480 [373]. Syntype(s) BMNH 2♂♀, Townsville, Qld.
Echiomima fabulosa Meyr. Common, 1990: Moths of Australia, Melbourne University Press. 227-230 [228].
Echiomima fabulosa Meyrick, 1915. Common, in Nielsen, Edwards, & Rangsi, 1996, Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera, 4: i-xiv, 1-529 & CD-ROM [87].
Echiomima fabulosa Meyrick, 1915. Beccaloni, G. W., Scoble, M. J., Robinson, G. S. & Pitkin, B. (Editors). 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex). World Wide Web electronic publication. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/lepindex [accessed 21 April 2010].
Echiomima fabulosa Meyrick, 1915. Edwards, E. D. (2003), Xyloryctinae. Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/XYLORYCTINAE [accessed 16 June 2010].

Original description, Meyrick 1915
Echiomima fabulosa, n. sp.
♂ 34 mm., ♀ 43 mm. Head and thorax pale ochreous, in ♀ tinged with lilac-brownish, sides of face dark red-brown. Palpi dark red-brown, terminal joint half second, whitish. Antennae white, base suffused with dark fuscous. Abdomen pale ochreous, segmental margins more or less yellow-brownish. Anterior legs dark fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa in ♂ gently, in ♀ moderately arched, in ♂ hardly perceptibly sinuate beyond 2/3, in ♀ not at all, apex obtuse-pointed, termen sinuate, somewhat oblique; corrugations well-marked; in ♂ pale ochreous, tinged with brownish along costa, especially posteriorly, and faint pinkish towards dorsum and termen, in ♀ light lilac-brownish; second discal stigma faint, fuscous: cilia light greyish -ochreous, tips brown round apex and upper part of termen. Hindwings in ♂ light ochreous-yellowish, in ♀ fulvous-ochreous; cilia whitish-ochreous, faintly rosy-tinged.Queensland, Townsville, bred in September and October (Dodd); two specimens. Differs from both the other species by the obsolescence of the costal sinuation, faint discal dot, and longer terminal joint of palpi.

Other references

Echiomima fabulosa, ♂, Fig 13.4: Common, 1990

The larvae of E. fabulosa Meyr. (Fig 13.4) which occurs from Cooktown to Townsville, Queensland, have been reported feeding on the bark of litchi (Litchi chinensis, Sapindaceae) near Mareeba. (Common, 1990).

Diagnosis:
Description:
Head:
Thorax:
Abdomen:
Echiomima fabulosa, ♂, genitalia, bred 21 September 1899, collected by F.P Dodd, Townsville. ANIC slide no 2008, dissected by E.D. Edwards 1985. Phoromicrograph taken at ANIC, Canberra.

Echiomima fabulosa, ♂, aedeagus, bred 21 September 1899, collected by F.P Dodd, Townsville. ANIC slide no 2008, dissected by E.D. Edwards. Phoromicrograph taken at ANIC, Canberra.

Food plants: Larva boring in stem. Larval foodplant: Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae). (Edwards, 2003).
Flight period: December.
Distribution: Queensland. Endemic. (Edwards, 2003).

Remarks:



Echiomima mythica (Meyrick, 1890)


Echiomima mythica, ♂, St Bernards, Mt. Tamborine, QLD, at light, 6 January 1962, collected by C.W. Frazier. ANIC slide no. 3014, dissected by E.D. Edwards 1985 (see ♂ genitalia, below).

Echiomima mythica, ♀, ANIC

Maroga mythica Meyrick, 1890, Descriptions of Australian Lepidoptera. Part I. Xyloryctidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia  13: 23–81 [41]. Syntype(s) BMNH 3♂, Sydney, NSW.
Maroga undosa Lucas, T.P. 1894. Descriptions of new Australian Lepidoptera, with additional localities for known species. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 8: 133–166 [164]. Syntype(s) SAMA 3♂♀, Brisbane, Qld.
Maroga mythica, Meyr. Walsingham, 1898: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of London, vii-xii, following p. 444.
Maroga undosa, Lucas. Walsingham, 1898: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of London, vii-xii, following p. 444.
Maroga undosa Lucas. Turner, 1898. The Xyloryctidae of Queensland. Annals of the Queensland Museum 4: 1–32 [22].
Maroga mythica, Meyr. Turner, 1898. The Xyloryctidae of Queensland. Annals of the Queensland Museum 4: 1–32 [22].
Maroga mythica, Meyr., syn. M. undosa Lucas 1893. Turner, 1900, New Micro-lepidoptera -- mostly from Queensland. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 24: 6-23 [10].
Maroga mythica Meyr. Turner, 1901, The Entomologist, 1901, v. 34 [209].
Maroga mythica Meyr. Turner, 1914, On Some Moths from Melville and Bathurst Islands in the South Australian Museum, Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 38 245-248 [246].
Echiomima mythica (Meyrick, 1890). Meyrick, 1915, Exotic Microlepidoptera. 1 (10–15): 289–320, 321–352, 353–384, 385–416, 417–448, 449–480 [373].
Echiomima mythica M. [Cryptophasidae]. Fletcher, T. B., 1929, A list of generic names used for Microlepidoptera. Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture of India,  11: 1-244 [73].
Echiomima mythica Meyrick. Becker, 1982: Stenomine moths of the Neotropical genus Timocratica (Oecophoridae) Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology series , Vol 45 No 3 26 August 1982 pp 211-306. [227].
Echiomima mythica (Meyr) Common, 1990: Moths of Australia, Melbourne University Press. 227-230 [228].
Echiomima mythica (Meyrick, 1890). Common, in Nielsen, Edwards, & Rangsi, 1996, Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera, 4: i-xiv, 1-529 & CD-ROM [87].
Echiomima mythica (Meyrick, 1890) syn. M. undosa Lucas 1893. Beccaloni, G. W., Scoble, M. J., Robinson, G. S. & Pitkin, B. (Editors). 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex). World Wide Web electronic publication. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/lepindex [accessed 21 April 2010].
Echiomima mythica (Meyrick, 1890). Edwards, E. D. (2003), Xyloryctinae. Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/XYLORYCTINAE [accessed 18 June 2010].

Original description, Meyrick 1890
Mar. mythica, n. sp.
Both sexes 36-41mm. Head and thorax shining pale greyish-ochreous. Palpi dark red-brown, terminal joint whitish. Antennae whitish, base dark reddish-fuscous. Abdomen ochreous-orange. Anterior legs dark fuscous, middle legs dark red-brown, tarsi dark fuscous, posterior legs ochreous-orange, tarsi pale ochreous. Forewings elongate, moderate, costa slightly arched, rather abruptly excavated from 2/3 to near apex, apex acute, hindmargin little oblique, rather deeply excavated on upper half, rounded beneath; surface somewhat wrinkled transversely, pale ochreous, towards inner and hind margin somewhat brownish-tinged; costa and inner margin narrowly suffused with yellowish-brown; a round black dot in disc at 2/3: cilia whitish-ochreous, terminal half red-brown towards apex. Hindwings light ochreous-orange; cilia pale yellowish, rosy-tinged, terminal half becoming brown-red round apex.Sydney, New South Wales; three specimens in December. These were all taken on the stem of an old pear-tree in a garden, but I observed no indications of the larva.
 Synonymic description, T.P. Lucas, 1894
Maroga undosa, sp. nov.
♂♀. 30-36 mm. Head and thorax light slaty-grey, in ♀ tinted with copper colour. Palpi black, tipped with white. Antennae black in basal third, black and white annulated in middle, and white in apical third. Legs black, anterior coxae snow-white, posterior pair copper-coloured. Forewings elongate, gently dilate. costa in ♂ prominently bowed at 3/5, in ♀ more arched, scooped out before apex, apex produced and rounded, hindmargin scooped under apex, rounded in anal half; in ♂ light greenish-copper, with a median irregular band, and a suffused anal hindmarginal patch tinted with creamy-ochreous; in ♀ with a groundcolour of copper shaded on borders with fuscous; a black discoidal spot at 2/3 close to median; a dark fuscous line of shading on apex and apical half of hindborder, and a thin fuscous line along middle 2/4 of inner border: cilia dark fuscous in apical half, light ochreous in anal half. Hindwings reddish or coppery-fuscous; cilia coppery-red, fuscous on apical fourth.Brisbane; three specimens reared by Mr. Illidge.

Other references

Maroga undosa, Lucas. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W 1893, [sic] 164. I am not quite sure of the distinctness of this species from Maroga mythica, Meyr. The peculiar shape of the forewings is identical in both, though the coloration appears different. Brisbane: the larvae discovered by Mr. Illidge feeding on the bark and tunnelling the stem of Eugenia. (Turner, 1898).

Maroga mythica, Meyr.
Maroga undosa, Lucas, Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., 1893, p. 164.
I sent a specimen of Lucas’ species to Mr. Meyrick, who informs me that is identical with his own. (Turner, 1900).

Echiomima mythica, ♀, Fig. 23.5: scale 2mm, Common, 1990

E. mythica Meyr. (Fig. 23.5) is found in rainforest in the Northern Territory and from northern Queensland to southern New South Wales. It has been reared from larvae feeding in Elaeocarpus grandis (Elaeocarpaceae), Elatostachys xylocarpa (Sapindaceae), Backhousia myrtifolia, Syzygium floribundum (both Myrtaceae), Cleistanthus cunninghamii (Euphorbiaceae) and Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae). (Common, 1990).

Diagnosis:
Description:
Head:
Thorax:
Abdomen:
Echiomima mythica, ♂, genitalia, St Bernards, Mt. Tamborine, QLD, at light, 6 January 1962, collected by C.W. Frazier. ANIC slide no. 3014, dissected by E.D. Edwards 1985.

Echiomima mythica, ♂, aedeagus, St Bernards, Mt. Tamborine, QLD, at light, 6 January 1962, collected by C.W. Frazier. ANIC slide no. 3014, dissected by E.D. Edwards 1985.

Food plants: Larva boring in stem.  Larval foodplants: Ellatostachys xylocarpa (Sapindaceae); Cleistanthus cunninghamii (Euphorbiaceae); Waterhousea floribunda, Backhousia myrtifolia (Myrtaceae); Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae); Elaeocarpus angustifolia (Elaeocarpaceae); Daphnandra sp. (Monimiaceae); introduced Carya illinoensis (Juglandaceae). (Edwards, 2003).
Flight period: December.
Distribution: New South Wales, Queensland. Endemic. (Edwards, 2003).

Remarks:



Echiomima viperina Meyrick, 1915


Echiomima viperina, ♂, 17.16S, 145.54E, Base Cableway, Mt Bellenden Kerr, QLD, 80m, 18 October 1981. ANIC slide no. 3012, dissected by E.D. Edwards, 1985.

Echiomima viperina, ♀, ANIC

Echiomima viperina, ♀, QM

Echiomima viperina Meyrick, 1915, Exotic Microlepidoptera. 1 (10–15): 289–320, 321–352, 353–384, 385–416, 417–448, 449–480 [373]. Holotype BMNH ♀, Cairns, Qld.
Echiomima viperina Meyrick, 1915. Common, in Nielsen, Edwards, & Rangsi, 1996, Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Australia. Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera, 4: i-xiv, 1-529 & CD-ROM [87].
Echiomima viperina Meyrick, 1915. Beccaloni, G. W., Scoble, M. J., Robinson, G. S. & Pitkin, B. (Editors). 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex). World Wide Web electronic publication. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/lepindex [accessed 21 April 2010].
Echiomima viperina Meyrick, 1915. Edwards, E. D. (2003), Xyloryctinae. Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/XYLORYCTINAE [accessed 16 June 2010].

Original description, Meyrick 1915
Echiomima viperina, n. sp.
♀. 46 mm. Head and thorax light rosy-brownish-grey, sides of face dark red-brown. Palpi dark red-brown, terminal joint 1/3 of second, whitish. Antennae whitish, base suffused with dark reddish-fuscous. Abdomen red-brownish, apex dark red-brown. Anterior legs dark fuscous. Forewings elongate, moderate, costa moderately arched, slightly prominent at 2/3, faintly sinuate beyond this, Apex obtuse-pointed, termen concave, beneath apex, little oblique; corrugations faint; brown-grey, irregularly tinged with light crimson-rosy suffusion; second discal stigma blackish: cilia light brown-grey, outer half dark red-brown round apex and upper part of termen. Hindwings rosy-ochreous; cilia whitish-ochreous, outer half suffused with crimson-brownish.Queensland, Cairns; one specimen. Broader - winged than mythica, costal sinuation and corrugations much less marked, and apex less prominent.

Diagnosis:
Description:
Head:
Echiomima viperina, ♂, head, K166, Kuranda, Queensland.

Thorax:
Echiomima viperina, ♂, wing venation.

Abdomen:
Echiomima viperina, ♂, genitalia, K166, 16.48ºS 145.38'E, 335m, 1-15 Dec 09, Kuranda, collected by David Rentz.

 
Echiomima viperina, ♂, genitalia, K166, 16.48ºS 145.38'E, 335m, 1-15 Dec 09, Kuranda, collected by David Rentz.

Food plants:
Flight period:
Distribution: Queensland. Endemic. (Edwards, 2003).

Remarks: The wing venation differs from Meyrick’s description of E. mythica, the type species, with veins 7 and 8 of the forewings separate and not stalked.


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